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Cover of “El perro del hortelano”

El perro del hortelano by Lope de Vega: read free online & download PDF or EPUB

Lope de Vega (1562–1635)

El perro del hortelano (The Dog in the Manger) is a verse comedy by Lope de Vega, published in 1618. In Naples, Diana, Countess of Belflor, finds out that her secretary Teodoro is courting one of her ladies and, jealous, falls in love with him; but a servant cannot be a countess’s husband. Read the full play free here, in the original Spanish, with no sign-up, or download it as a PDF or EPUB.

Free, no sign-up. A public-domain work.

What it is about

It is night in the palace of Diana, Countess of Belflor, in Naples. Two cloaked men flee down the stairs, and one of them throws his hat at the lamp to put it out. Furious, Diana questions her ladies one by one, and Anarda finally confesses: the intruder was Teodoro, the household secretary, who had come to see Marcela. Marcela insists he means to marry her, and the countess promises to help them.

But as soon as she is alone, Diana admits in a sonnet what she feels: if Teodoro were more, or she were less, she would love him. Her game begins. She hands him a love poem supposedly written by “a certain friend”, asks his advice for this friend who loves a humble man, and when she falls, asks him to give her his hand. Teodoro gets the message, drops Marcela and dares to dream of becoming Count of Belflor; Marcela, stung, consoles herself with Fabio.

Every time Teodoro comes closer, Diana remembers who she is and rejects him; every time he goes back to Marcela, she reclaims him with jealousy, with a letter she dictates to him and even with slaps, which she then pays for with two thousand escudos. As he puts it, she is the gardener’s dog that neither eats nor lets others eat. Her suitors, the Marquis Ricardo and her cousin Count Federico, suspect what is going on and hire a supposed cutthroat to get rid of the secretary, not knowing he is Tristán, Teodoro’s own lackey. Teodoro asks leave to go to Spain; Tristán has another way out in mind.

The ending (spoilers)

Tristán disguises himself as a Greek merchant and calls on old Count Ludovico, who twenty years earlier lost a son named Teodoro, captured by the Moors on his way to Malta; with an invented story he convinces him that Diana’s secretary is that son. Ludovico embraces him in tears, and Diana, with nothing left in the way, announces she will marry him that very night. Teodoro, too honest to deceive her, confesses that it is all Tristán’s invention; Diana marries him anyway and threatens to have the lackey thrown down a well to keep the secret, though in the end she forgives him. Ricardo exposes the fake cutthroat, Teodoro defends him and marries him to Dorotea, Marcela marries Fabio, and the play closes by asking the audience to keep Teodoro’s secret.

Main characters

Diana
Countess of Belflor, beautiful, rich and proud, who turns down all her suitors.
Teodoro
her secretary, raised in the household, discreet and a fine poet, torn between Marcela’s love and his own ambition.
Marcela
one of Diana’s ladies, in love with Teodoro and hoping to marry him.
Tristán
Teodoro’s lackey and the play’s comic servant, the cleverest person in the house.
Fabio
a gentleman of Diana’s household who courts Marcela.
Otavio
the countess’s steward.
Anarda and Dorotea
Diana’s ladies; Anarda is the one who tells her about Teodoro and Marcela.
The Marquis Ricardo and Count Federico
Diana’s suitors; Federico is her cousin.

Themes and context

It is a Spanish Golden Age comedy about the clash between love and pride of birth: a great lady who falls for her secretary and cannot allow herself to have him. Diana sums it up in a sonnet: “porque quisiera yo que, por lo menos, / Teodoro fuera más, para igualarme, / o yo, para igualarle, fuera menos” (“for I would wish that Teodoro, at the least, were more, to match me, or I, to match him, less”). The title comes from the Spanish proverb of the gardener’s dog, which neither eats nor lets others eat, and the characters themselves apply it to the countess.

Lope published it in 1618, in the eleventh volume of his plays, which he saw through the press himself. It uses many kinds of verse and includes several sonnets, and its charm lies in the double-edged dialogue, the jealousy that comes and goes, and Tristán, one of the wittiest servants in Lope’s theatre. It is still staged today, and in 1996 Pilar Miró made it into a film.

About the author

Lope de Vega was born in Madrid on 25 November 1562 and died in Madrid on 27 August 1635. Called the Phoenix of Wits, and a “monster of nature” by Cervantes, he is one of the most prolific authors in world literature: some three thousand sonnets and several hundred plays are attributed to him.

In his New Art of Writing Plays (1609) he defended the formula that renewed Spanish theatre, and works such as Fuenteovejuna, Peribáñez and El caballero de Olmedo are still performed. In 1614 he was ordained a priest.

Reading facts

First published
1618
Genre
Theatre
Pages
159 in the letter-size PDF
Words
16,796
Reading time
≈ 1 h 10 min
Language
Spanish
Formats
Letter-size PDF (536 KB) and EPUB (106 KB)
License
Public domain

How it begins

Acto I

Salen Teodoro y Tristán; vienen huyendo

Teodoro

Huye, Tristán, por aquí.

Tristán

Notable desdicha ha sido.

Teodoro

¿Si nos habrá conocido?

Tristán

No sé; presumo que sí.

(Vanse. Sale Diana)

Diana

¡Ah gentilhombre!, esperad.¡Teneos, oíd! ¿qué digo?¿Esto se ha de usar conmigo?Volved, mirad, escuchad.¡Hola! ¿No hay aquí un crïado?¡Hola! ¿No hay un hombre aquí?Pues no es sombra lo que vi,ni sueño que me ha burlado.¡Hola! ¿Todos duermen ya?

(Sale Fabio)

Fabio

¿Llama vuestra señoría?

Teodoro

Para la cólera míagusto esa flema me da.Corred, necio, enhoramala,pues merecéis este nombre,y mirad quién es un hombreque salió de aquesta sala.

Fabio

¿De esta sala?

Diana

Caminad,y responded con los pies.

Keep reading in the Library

Common questions

What is The Dog in the Manger about?

Diana, a countess in Naples, falls in love with her secretary, Teodoro, and out of pride will neither marry him nor let him marry Marcela, the lady he had been courting. Hence the proverb of the title.

What does “el perro del hortelano” mean?

It comes from the Spanish proverb about the gardener’s dog, which neither eats the vegetables nor lets anyone else eat them: someone who won’t use a thing and won’t let others have it either. In the play, Teodoro applies it to Diana.

How many pages is El perro del hortelano?

This edition’s letter-size PDF has 159 pages; it is about 17,000 words, roughly 1 h 10 min of reading. It is a verse comedy in three acts, in Spanish.

Can I download El perro del hortelano as a free PDF?

Yes. Download it free here as a letter-size PDF, ready to print, or as an EPUB, with no sign-up.

Is there an English translation here?

No. This is the original Spanish text; the Library only publishes translations whose translators also died more than a hundred years ago.

This edition

El perro del hortelano, de Lope de Vega (1562–1635), se publicó por primera vez en 1618. Es una obra de dominio público en todo el mundo: su autor murió hace más de cien años.

Texto basado en la transcripción de dominio público de Wikisource en español (https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/El_perro_del_hortelano), revisada y recompuesta para esta edición. Se eliminaron las plantillas y la navegación de la página y todo lo ajeno a la obra.

Cubierta y diseño originales de la Biblioteca de Arcadópolis.

Text source: Wikisource

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